How Vitamin D Deficiency Affects Children - Signs, Causes, & Treatment

Vitamin D is also known as the ‘sunshine vitamin’ because the skin manufactures it in response to sun exposure. It is a unique nutrient in the diet of children and has important functions in bone, immunity, and body growth outcomes. Regrettably, a deficit of vitamin D among children has recently become an issue causing a number of problems to their health.

In this blog, we will learn about the effects of vitamin D deficiency, its symptoms, and how to avoid it naturally.

Also read: "10 Common Childhood Diseases In Pakistan & How To Treat Them?"

Importance of Vitamin D in Children’s Health

Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorus that are vital in muscle movement and teeth, and bones. Aside from the usual vitamins and minerals that help in boosting the immune system, bones, muscles, and brain, as well. A deficiency of vitamin D in children has severe implications for their growth and health and raises vulnerability to infections and chronic diseases. It is especially important for their health as a long-term natural supplement to ensure that there is an adequate amount of Vitamin D in their systems. Further, it protects from autoimmune body diseases and boosts the functioning of the heart.

Signs of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children

Since it does not typically present symptoms overnight, identifying vitamin D deficiency symptoms is quite difficult. Common symptoms include the following:

• Bone ache or muscle weakness 

• Late growth or failure to attain normal height

• Weak and deformed teeth

• Tendency to become prone to infections and illness

• Feeling drowsy with low energy

These symptoms can easily be mistaken for other conditions, making it crucial to monitor and address any unusual health concerns.

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Severe Symptoms of Vitamin D Deficiency in Kids

Severe vitamin D deficiency symptoms can be more alarming and may include:

• Rickets: A disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin D, leading to soft and deformed bones

• Delayed walking or difficulty with motor skills

• Seizures due to low calcium levels

• Persistent respiratory issues, such as asthma or pneumonia

• Fractures are prone to even minor injuries

Parents should take their children to a pediatrician when such severe symptoms are reported. Early treatment can avoid long-term health disorders.

What Diseases Are Caused by Vitamin D Deficiency?

The disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, most commonly seen in children, is rickets. The condition leads to bone deformities, delayed growth, and increased risk of fracture. Other complications that may arise include:

• Osteomalacia: It is the softening of the bones, which makes patients complain of pain and weakness.

• Weak immunity, which causes recurrent infections and delayed recovery.

• Increased risk of chronic illnesses such as type 1 diabetes and asthma

• Impact on cardiovascular health and mental development.

Also learn: "7 Common Monsoon Diseases In Pakistan – Causes, Symptoms & Prevention Tips"

Foods to Avoid Vitamin D Deficiency

Diet plays an important role in preventing vitamin D deficiency in children. Foods rich in vitamin D include:

• Fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines

• Egg yolks

• Fortified cereals and dairy products

• Mushrooms exposed to sunlight

These foods help overcome the nutritional gap, mostly in children who have the least outdoor activities or reside in places with very low exposure to sunlight. When this is combined with regular exposure to sunlight, proper vitamin D levels can then be maintained.

Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency on Children’s Health

The effects of vitamin D deficiency are greater than weak bones. Let's look at some specific areas affected:

• Immune System: Children with low vitamin D levels are more susceptible to infections and diseases. It reduces their capacity to fight bacteria and viruses.

• Mental Health: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to depression, anxiety, and even learning disabilities in children.

• Weight Management: It may lead to obesity due to the impact on hormonal regulation and fat metabolism.

• Cognitive Development: Low levels can impair learning, memory, and concentration, affecting academic performance.

• Chronic Fatigue: Vitamin D deficiency often causes unexplained tiredness, making it difficult for children to stay active and engaged in daily activities.

Ensuring adequate vitamin D is critical for a child’s physical and mental development, and it lays the foundation for a healthier adulthood.

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How to Perform a Vitamin D Deficiency Test

If you suspect a deficiency, a vitamin D deficiency test is the first step. This test measures the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood. Pediatricians recommend testing for children with:

• Chronic illnesses or frequent infections

• Symptoms of rickets or weak bones

• Limited sun exposure or poor diet

Testing is essential for early diagnosis and ensures timely treatment to prevent further health issues.

Prevention Tips for Parents

Here are some simple tips to make sure your child gets the required vitamin D:

• Sunlight: Spend at least 15–20 minutes of playtime outdoors during early morning or late afternoon sunlight.

• Balanced Diet: Incorporate food rich in vitamin D into the diet so that your child grows healthy.

• Supplements: Pediatricians can also suggest vitamin D drops or tablets for those children whose risk is high and especially during the winter seasons.

• Regular Follow-up: Monitor the child's health by routinely drawing blood tests to get his vitamin D levels in order.

• Physical Activity: Exercise such as playing or strolling outside helps to boost vitamin D. However, playing sports means he will have better overall and Vitamin D-related health status.

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Final Thoughts

Vitamin D helps your child’s bones grow strong, fighting infections and diseases in the process. Vitamin D deficiency is a condition that can be managed, and identifying the risk signs significantly reduces severe consequences. Through the adaptation of natural direct sunlight, a balanced diet as well, and frequent testing, your child need not suffer from the repercussions of vitamin D deficiency and therefore secure their bright future. There is some truth in this saying – a little sunshine today can prevent your bones from growing weak, your mind from becoming dull, and your body from getting sick tomorrow. Taking these simple yet impactful steps will pave the way for your child's optimal growth and well-being.

If you want to find out more about the kids' health, choose the best pediatricians in Pakistan through Apka Muaalij, the no.1 telehealth platform in Pakistan. To consult with certified and top doctors, dial 0423-2377001 today!